Chapter One: Introduction
1.1 Background of the Study
Political advertising plays a pivotal role in shaping voter perceptions and influencing electoral outcomes. In Lokoja Local Government Area, Kogi State, political campaigns heavily rely on advertising strategies to communicate party manifestos, candidates’ strengths, and opposition weaknesses. However, these advertisements often raise significant ethical concerns, including the dissemination of misleading information, character defamation, and the use of divisive language to manipulate public opinion (Adamu & Yusuf, 2024). Political advertising, while a legitimate tool of democratic expression, is often marred by practices that undermine public trust in both the media and political processes. The prevalence of these unethical practices calls for a critical examination of the role of the media in ensuring that political advertisements adhere to ethical standards and contribute positively to democratic discourse (Ahmed & Bello, 2023). This study explores the ethical challenges associated with political advertising in Lokoja, shedding light on how these practices affect electoral integrity and public trust.
1.2 Statement of the Problem
Political advertising in Lokoja is fraught with ethical dilemmas, including the spread of false claims, exploitation of cultural or religious sentiments, and the lack of transparency regarding funding sources (Oluwole, 2023). These unethical practices erode public confidence in the political system and contribute to voter apathy. Despite existing regulations, the enforcement of ethical guidelines in political advertising remains weak, allowing candidates and parties to prioritize propaganda over factual and constructive messaging (Garba & Okoye, 2024). This study investigates the ethical concerns surrounding political advertising in Lokoja and explores the role of media in promoting responsible advertising practices.
1.3 Objectives of the Study
To identify the ethical concerns in political advertising in Lokoja Local Government Area.
To evaluate the impact of unethical political advertising on voter perceptions and democratic integrity.
To propose strategies for promoting ethical standards in political advertising through media regulation.
1.4 Research Questions
What are the major ethical concerns in political advertising in Lokoja?
How do unethical political advertising practices affect voter perceptions and trust?
What strategies can be adopted to ensure ethical political advertising in Lokoja?
1.5 Research Hypothesis
Political advertising in Lokoja is characterized by significant ethical concerns.
Unethical political advertising negatively affects voter trust and democratic processes.
Strengthening media oversight and regulatory frameworks can improve the ethics of political advertising.
1.6 Significance of the Study
This study is significant in addressing the ethical challenges associated with political advertising in Lokoja. It offers insights into the negative consequences of unethical advertising practices on democracy and public trust. By exploring the role of the media in promoting ethical standards, the study contributes to the development of strategies for fostering transparency and accountability in political campaigns. The findings will be valuable for policymakers, media professionals, and electoral bodies seeking to enhance the integrity of political advertising in Nigeria.
1.7 Scope and Limitations of the Study
The study is limited to political advertising practices in Lokoja Local Government Area, Kogi State. It does not cover advertising in other sectors or regions.
1.8 Operational Definition of Terms
Political Advertising: The use of media platforms to promote political candidates, parties, or policies to influence voter behavior.
Ethics: Principles that guide behavior and decision-making based on notions of right and wrong.
Democratic Integrity: The adherence to fair and transparent processes that uphold the principles of democracy.
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